2 concerns about food additives pdf

Food additives and child health american academy of pediatrics. Approved additives are given a number and some are also given an. But some are not, and many have been poorly tested. Chemicals used to produce food additives may also be added to wastewater treatment, manufacturing, or processing plants. This program aims to teach students what food additives are and why they are used in food processing.

Many nations adopt codex standards, guidelines, and codes into their laws and regulations to ensure food safety and. Linhai wu 2, xiujuan chen 2, zuhui huang 3 and wuyang hu 4. D,dav college amritsarindia abstract every living organism needs food to live. With the advent of processed foods in the second half of the twentieth century, many more. Food additives are any substances added to foods for nonnutritional purposes, for example to enhance color, taste, smell, texture, or maintain quality and lengthen shelf life. Concerns over additives and other substances added to food most substances added to foodeven ones with long chemical namesare safe, in cspis view. Regarding issues related to foods figure 2, food additivespreservatives had the highest percentage of consumer concern 8% followed by poor, unhealthy. The same applies if the new data submitted is not sufficient for efsa to conclude the risk assessment there will be no successive requests for additional data. Concerns raised by consumers about food additives aresometimes seen, by food manufacturers, as a form of ignorance. Food additives provide several important functions. Code of federal regulations, title 21food and drugs, food additives includes all substances not exempted by section 201s of the act, the intended use of which results or may reasonably be expected to result, directly or indirectly, either in their becoming a component of food or otherwise affecting the characteristics of food. The main groups of food additives are antioxidants, colours, flavour enhancers, sweeteners, emulsifiers and stabilizers and preservatives. The food additive in question is usually considered safe for its intended use as long as the estimated daily intake edi is less than the adi, whereby the edi takes into account.

Benzoic acid, in the form of sodium benzoate, is a widely used food preservative suitable for acid foods. On the basis of my secondary research, hungarian and romanian consumers associate. Most natural colorants are extracts derived from plant tissues. Substantial improvements to the food additives regulatory system are urgently needed, including greatly. Approach for the followup of efsas scientific opinions. The use of bisphenols as food additives accelerated in the 1960s, when bisphenol a bpa was identified as a useful ingredient in the manufacture of polycarbonate plastics and polymeric metal can coatings. Other routes of introduction for food additives include solid waste disposal in landfills, composing of foods, and incineration of solid wastes.

Dangers of food additives and preservatives lovetoknow. Questions and answers on food additives what are food additives. Food additives are substances added to food to preserve flavor or enhance its taste, appearance, or other qualities. Food additives are substances added to food intentionally to preserve flavor or enhance the taste and appearance of food. Consumers do not know the exact connection between food additives and enumbers. In 2007, food standards australia new zealand published an official shoppers guidance with which the concerns of food additives and their labeling are mediated. Factorymade foods have made additives a very important part of our diet. The ins systems broader than the e system and is intended as an identification system for food additives approved for use in one or more countries. Department of health and human services as a preservative reasonably anticipated to be a. In addition, sodium nitrite is used not only as an antimicrobial, but also to fix the color of meat by interaction with meat pigments. The european union legislation defines them as any substance not normally consumed as a food in itself. Ingested additives can enter the environment via sewage.

Food additives, safety, regulatory issues, toxicology. Additives are substances used for a variety of reasons such as preservation, colouring, sweetening, etc. Types of food additives and their functions a plus topper. Chemicals in food ways food additives are used to trick consumers colorings and. Without additives, only the basic food staples meat, fruit, vegetables, and grains would be available in their unprocessed forms. They provide sweetness, prevent deterioration during storage and guard against food. For example, xanthan gum used in salad dressings, chocolate milk, bakery fillings, puddings and. Additives perform a variety of useful functions in foods that consumers often take for granted. Some additives could be eliminated if we were willing to grow our own food, harvest and grind it, spend many hours cooking and canning, or accept increased risks of food spoilage. However, in terms of health risk, food additives would come in at the end of the line, after foodborne microorganisms like salmonella, inappropriate hygiene and eating habits, environmental contaminants and naturally occurring toxins. A food additive is defined as a substance not normally consumed as a food in itself and not normally used as a characteristic ingredient of food whether or not it has nutritive value. Food additives and child health american academy of. Who, together with fao, groups food additives into.

A number of natural and synthetic additives are used to color foods. While some food additives and preservatives provide nutritional benefits or improve food safety, others from dyes and flavorings to thickeners and whiteners are added for consumer appeal and have known or potential health risks. Level of knowledge about food additives is different in the analysed three countries. Additives in meat and poultry products food safety information 2 today, food and color additives are more strictly studied, regulated, and monitored than at any other time in history. Food additives and child health pubmed central pmc. Food additives are a necessary part of modern food production to enable a supply of a wide variety of foods across economic, seasonal and geographical boundaries. Indeed, the system intended to ensure the safety of ingredients added to food is deeply flawed and has led. Enhancing the flavor, preserving the texture and appearance, increasing the nutritive value of food are some of the advantages of food additives. Periodically, concerns have been expressed about a linkage between additives and hyperactivity, however no clear evidence of adhd was provided. Principles and methods for the risk assessment of chemicals in food ehc 240 4 2. Data about health effects of food additives on infants and children are limited or missing. There are several thousand food additives used, all of which are designed to do a specific job in making food safer or more appealing. They are added intentionally to food to perform certain technological purposes which consumers often take for granted. Many people view food additives as a major food threat.

Building on this approach, ethical concerns are here examined in relation to the potential of food additives to affect respect for three principles viz. The provision of balanced and science based information about food additives conveyed through sources that are trusted by consumers will reduce concerns and increase consumer awareness about the. All additives are thoroughly assessed for safety before they are allowed to be used. Although the use of additives during food processing has become common practice on a global scale, consumers concerns about their. Food additives that are generally recognized as safe could be anything but they present risks that may be as dangerous as any of the added sugar and fat, and are just part of the problem. Indeed, the system intended to ensure the safety of ingredients added to. Food additives for which efsa has identified concerns in terms of exposure or. Concern regarding food additives has increased in the past 2 decades in part because of. Regarding issues related to foods figure 2, food additivespreservatives had.

Describe major contributions of food additives as well as their risks and benefits. Food additives are substances added to the food during the production, packaging, transportation, or storage. Food additives generally recognized as safe could be. Coloring agents most coloring agents are used to improve the overall attractiveness of the food. Benzoic acid is often used in combination with sorbic acid at levels of 0. For example, butylated hydroxyanisole, commonly known as bha, is a preservative used in foods including potato chips, crackers, beer, baked goods and cereal. The chemical names conjure up questions about safety and purpose. Today, more than ever before, the ingredient labels of prepared food items can be perplexing.

Pdf article info abstract food additives are organic substances that are. Salt and sugar arent broadly used additives and they dont represent any real danger. Some food additives can potentially cause harmful side effects. Antioxidants food can make you ill food can make you. Widely used in modern food industry, there are increasing concerns about the health risks of food additives such as colorings, flavorings, and preservatives. Food additives are the basis of the modern food industry, and play an important role.

The use of these extracts in the food industry has certain problems associated with it, including the lack of consistent colour intensities, instability upon exposure to light and heat, variability of supply, reactivity with other food components, and addition of secondary. The food additives, flavourings, enzymes and extraction solvents wales regulations 20 wsi 20 no. Additives may be natural, nature identical or artificial. There has been significant controversy associated with the risks and benefits of food additives. Consider the dangers of exposure from indirect sources your food comes into contact with as well. The roles of food additives douglas county extension office. Colour additives used in foods, drugs, cosmetics, and medical. Fda has the primary legal responsibility for determining their safe use.

These nutrients present in food are ingested and assimilated by an organism to produce energy, stimulate growth. Direct food additives are those that are added to a food for a specific purpose in that food. Increasing scientific evidence suggests potential adverse effects on childrens health from synthetic chemicals used as food additives, both those deliberately added to food during processing direct and those used in materials that may contaminate food as part of packaging or manufacturing indirect. Antioxidants food can make you ill food can make you ill. Approach for the followup of efsas scientific opinions on. The implication was that any chemicals added to food, either as pesticides in primary production or additives in processing, were suspect. Food additives can be derived from plants, animals, or minerals, or they can be synthetic. Thus, they cannot be regarded as a single group of substances to be randomly excluded from the diet.

However, in terms of health risk, food additives would come in at the end of the line, after food borne microorganisms like salmonella, inappropriate hygiene and eating habits, environmental contaminants and naturally occurring toxins. Additives in meat and poultry products food safety and. Food additives are natural or manufactured substances, which are added to food to restore colors lost during processing. Food preservatives and their harmful effects dr sanjay sharma ph. Food additives amendment to the federal food drug and cosmetic act to address these concerns. This reference concerns e 104 quinoline yellow, e 110 sunset yellow and e 124 ponceau 4r. Yellow 5, and yellow 6 that can be used in food products. Foods have many nutrients such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, vitamins, or minerals. For example, sulfites reduce lipid oxidation and nitratesnitrites inhibit clostridium botulinum growth. Food additives are the basis of the modern food industry, and play an important role in improving the color, smell, and taste of food, altering its nutritional structure, perfecting its processing conditions, and extending its shelf life 1, 2. Concern regarding food additives has increased in the past 2 decades in part. Joint faowho expert committee on food additives all speci. Essential guide to food additives food additives and why they are used.